遗传毒性杂质专栏——遗传毒性杂质风险评估简析(下)
含有2个及以上时总AI值应为26.5ng/天。
①当IRIS公布的某化合物相当于1/100,000风险水平的饮用水限度为0.1μg/L时,日饮用水量为2L/天(设定值),可接受摄入量为0.1μg/L×2L/天=0.2μg/天;
②当IRIS公布的某化合物相当于1/100,000风险水平的吸入暴露量为0.8μg/m3时,日呼吸量为20m3/天(设定值,有时候采用28,800L/天),可接受摄入量为
0.8μg/m3×20m3/天=16μg/天;
第四步,按上述步骤筛选出来的遗传毒性杂质或潜在遗传毒性杂质,应分析其在API、中间体或制剂产品中残留的可能性。遗传毒性杂质的亲电性使得它们一般具有一定化学反应活性,详见表6[3]。在API合成工艺中,这些杂质可能在后续反应步骤中去除,也可能反应生成其他物质,最后残留在产品中的可能性较低。不过药监机构不太认可纯理论分析,在杂质控制策略中可以结合清除因子和检测结果证明产品或中间产品中的杂质残留情况。
方法1:定入API质量标准(常规检测或定期检测);
方法2:工艺上游控制-定入起始物料或中间体的内控标准;
方法3:工艺上游控制-定入起始物料或中间体的内控标准或过程控制,限度适当放宽,但是需要明确杂质去向和清除信息,并确认API中杂质始终控制在30%可接受限度内;
方法4:无需制定标准-明确工艺参数及其对残留杂质水平的影响,确信API中杂质存在风险可忽略不计(如1%TTC[5])。方法4适用于自身不稳定或工艺早期引入的可被有效清除的杂质,其可接受性由药监机构根据具体问题具体分析。
参考文献
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